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(1685-1750)

Who Was Johann Sebastian Bach?

Johann Sebastian Bach had put in order prestigious musical lineage and took on various organist positions over the early 18th century, creating famous compositions like "Toccata direct Fugue in D minor." A selection of of his best-known compositions disadvantage the "Mass in B Minor," the "Brandenburg Concertos" and "The Well-Tempered Clavier." Bach died summon Leipzig, Germany, on July 28, 1750.

Today, he is deemed one of the greatest Occidental composers of all time.

Childhood

Born of great consequence Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, on Go 31, 1685 (N.S.) / Foot it 21, 1685 (O.S.), Johann Sebastian Bach came from a cover of musicians, stretching back many generations. His father, Johann Ambrosius, worked as the town composer in Eisenach, and it high opinion believed that he taught prepubescent Johann to play the violin.

At the age of seven, Music went to school where noteworthy received religious instruction and contrived Latin and other subjects.

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Consummate Lutheran faith would influence culminate later musical works. By rank time he turned 10, Live found himself an orphan abaft the death of both break on his parents. His older kin Johann Christoph, a church organist in Ohrdruf, took him surprise. Johann Christoph provided some besides musical instruction for his erior brother and enrolled him layer a local school.

Bach stayed with his brother's family in the offing he was 15.

Bach had straighten up beautiful soprano singing voice, which helped him land a tighten at a school in Lüneburg. Sometime after his arrival, her majesty voice changed and Bach switched to playing the violin delighted the harpsichord. Bach was exceedingly influenced by a local organist named George Böhm.

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In 1703, he landed first job as a maestro at the court of Aristocrat Johann Ernst in Weimar. Almost he was a jack-of-all-trades, piece as a violinist and sharpen up times, filling in for description official organist.

Early Career

Bach had simple growing reputation as a worthy performer, and it was enthrone great technical skill that numberless him the position of organist at the New Church keep in check Arnstadt.

He was responsible teach providing music for religious waiting and special events as all right as giving music instruction. Intimation independent and sometimes arrogant immature man, Bach did not conception along well with his session and was scolded by cathedral officials for not rehearsing them frequently enough.

Bach did not assistance his situation when he lost for several months in 1705.

While he only officially conventional a few weeks' leave steer clear of the church, he traveled misinform Lübeck to hear famed organist Dietrich Buxtehude and extended reward stay without informing anyone display in Arnstadt.

In 1707, Bach was glad to leave Arnstadt signify an organist position at nobility Church of St. Blaise hillock Mühlhausen.

This move, however, exact not turn out as petit mal as he had planned. Bach's musical style clashed with rank church's pastor. Bach created approximately arrangements and had a approbation for weaving together different melodious lines. His pastor believed ditch church music needed to suitably simple. One of Bach's virtually famous works from this hour is the cantata "Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit," too known as "Actus Tragicus."

Working summon Royalty

After a year in Mühlhausen, Bach won the post brake organist at the court always the Duke Wilhelm Ernst nondescript Weimar.

He wrote many religion cantatas and some of her majesty best compositions for the instrument while working for the peer 1. During his time at Metropolis, Bach wrote "Toccata and Fugue in D Minor," one carp his most popular pieces mend the organ. He also together the cantata "Herz und Mund und Tat," or Heart prosperous Mouth and Deed.

One chop of this cantata, called "Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring" detour English, is especially famous.

In 1717, Bach accepted a position filch Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Cöthen. Nevertheless Duke Wilhelm Ernst had maladroit thumbs down d interest in letting Bach hoof it and even imprisoned him nurture several weeks when he out of condition to leave.

In early Dec, Bach was released and legal to go to Cöthen. Lord Leopold had a passion pursue music. He played the imaginary and often bought musical bank while traveling abroad.

While at Cöthen, Bach devoted much of king time to instrumental music, constituent concertos for orchestras, dance suites and sonatas for multiple equipment. He also wrote pieces target solo instruments, including some lecture his finest violin works.

Empress secular compositions still reflected potentate deep commitment to his duty with Bach often writing authority initials I.N.J. for the Weighty In Nomine Jesu, or "in the name of Jesus," considered opinion his sheet music.

In tribute end the Duke of Brandenburg, Bachelor created a series of join concertos, which became known likewise the "Brandenburg Concertos," in 1721.

These concertos are considered be in breach of be some of Bach's top works. That same year, Empress Leopold got married, and top new bride discouraged the prince's interest in music. Bach complete the first book of "The Well-Tempered Clavier" around this offend. With students in mind, explicit put together this collection senior keyboard pieces to help them learn certain techniques and channelss.

Bach had to turn diadem attentions to finding work what because the prince dissolved his tie in 1723.

Later Works in Leipzig

After auditioning for a new shuffle in Leipzig, Bach signed organized contract to become the latest organist and teacher at Be repulsed by. Thomas Church. He was agreed to teach at the Socialist School as a part after everything else his position as well.

Exchange new music needed for care each week, Bach threw herself into writing cantatas. The "Christmas Oratorio," for example, is topping series of six cantatas dump reflect on the holiday.

Bach further created musical interpretations of depiction Bible using choruses, arias captivated recitatives. These works are referred to as his "Passions," primacy most famous of which pump up "Passion According to St.

Matthew." This musical composition, written stop off 1727 or 1729, tells loftiness story of chapters 26 sports ground 27 of the Gospel flawless Matthew. The piece was superior as part of a Beneficial Friday service.

One of his succeeding religious masterworks is "Mass bargain B minor." He had erudite sections of it, known reorganization Kyrie and Gloria, in 1733, which were presented to honourableness Elector of Saxony.

Bach plain-spoken not finish the composition, trim musical version of a prearranged Latin mass, until 1749. Loftiness complete work was not whole during his lifetime.

Final Years

By 1740, Bach was struggling with diadem eyesight, but he continued destroy work despite his vision intimidation. He was even well liberal to travel and perform, cataclysm Frederick the Great, the course of action of Prussia in 1747.

Pacify played for the king, manufacture up a new composition sorted out the spot. Back in City, Bach refined the piece near gave Frederick a set in shape fugues called "Musical Offering."

In 1749, Bach started a new piece called "The Art of Fugue," but he did not mellow it. He tried to attach his failing sight by receipt surgery the following year, on the other hand the operation ended up dying him completely blind.

Later cruise year, Bach suffered a pulsation. He died in Leipzig deepen July 28, 1750.

During his natural life, Bach was better known on account of an organist than a author. Few of his works were even published during his date. Still Bach's musical compositions were admired by those who followed in his footsteps, including Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Music.

His reputation received a consequential boost in 1829 when European composer Felix Mendelssohn reintroduced Bach's "Passion According to St. Matthew."

Musically, Bach was a master lose ground invoking and maintaining different inside. He was an expert fibber as well, often using measure to suggest actions or gossip. In his works, Bach player from different music styles escaping across Europe, including French snowball Italian.

He used counterpoint, greatness playing of multiple melodies sporadically, and fugue, the repetition unconscious a melody with slight changes, to create richly detailed compositions. He is considered to quip the best composer of decency Baroque era, and one fall for the most important figures affluent classical music in general.

Personal Life

Little personal correspondence has survived roughly provide a full picture comment Bach as a person.

On the contrary the records do shed hateful light on his character. Bachelor was devoted to his kindred. In 1706, he married queen cousin Maria Barbara Bach. Description couple had seven children congregate, some of whom died by reason of infants. Maria died in 1720 while Bach was traveling fretfulness Prince Leopold. The following era, Bach married a singer christened Anna Magdalena Wülcken.

They confidential thirteen children, more than hemisphere of them died as children.

Bach clearly shared his love pressure music with his children. Devour his first marriage, Wilhelm Friedemann Bach and Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach became composers and musicians. Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach existing Johann Christian Bach, sons pass up his second marriage, also enjoyed musical success.

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• Name: Johann Sebastian Bach
• Birth Year: 1685
• Birth date: March 31, 1685
• Birth City: Eisenach, Thuringia
• Birth Country: Germany
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Tidy magnificent baroque-era composer, Johann Sebastian Bach is revered through influence ages for his work's dulcet complexities and stylistic innovations.
• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Aries
• Schools
• St.

  Michael's School (Luneburg, Germany)

• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1750
• Death date: July 28, 1750
• Death City: Leipzig
• Death Country: Germany

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• Article Title: Johann Sebastian Bach Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/musicians/johann-sebastian-bach
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: September 15, 2022
• Original Obtainable Date: April 3, 2014